ICT: Definition, Types and its role in developing 21st Century Skills

 


                           WHAT IS ICT?

ICT is INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY

          ICT is a broader term for Information Technology (IT), which refers to all communication technologies, including the internet, wireless networks, cellphones, computers, software, middleware, video-conferencing, social networking, and other media applications and services.

            In education, ICT is the mode of education that is use information and communications technology to support, enhance, and optimize the delivery of information. Worldwide research has shown that ICT can lead to an improved students learning and better teaching methods.

            The set of technologies developed to manage information and send it from one place to another. They include technologies to store information and retrieve it later. And also, send and receive information from one site to another.  

            ICT has rendered a significant contribution in not only the field of education but in various other fields. In all fields and areas, technologies are rendering an effective contribution in the implementation of various task. 

The main types of ICT systems to consider are:

Information systems

  • This type of ICT system is focused on managing data and information. Examples of these are a sports club membership system or a supermarket stock system.

Control systems

  • These ICT systems mainly control machines. They use input, process and output, but the output may be moving a robot arm to weld a car chassis rather than information.

Communications systems

  • The output of these ICT systems is the successful transport of data from one place to another.

                 The role in developing the 21st century skills become commonplace entries in all aspects of life. Across the past twenty years the use of ICT has fundamentally changed the practice and procedure of nearly all forms of endeavor within business and governance. It also helps students understand and monitor the thinking processes they are using by including metacognitive activities that ask students to reflect on their use of thinking structures and the effectiveness of the thinking strategies they employed. Technology helps students to access, analyze, organize, and share what they learn and allow students to independently locate appropriate tools for the task. The keys to integrate 21st century skills into the classroom are application, connection and participation.

            Today is age of 21st Century and also the age of information and technology (IT). Every aspects of life are related to science and technology. Huge flow of information is emerging in all fields throughout the world. Now information and technology is popularly using in educational field for making teaching learning process successful and interesting for students and teacher both. In 1998, UNESCO World Education report refers about student and teachers must have sufficient access to improve digital technology and the internet in their classroom, schools, teacher educational institutions. Teachers must have the knowledge and skills to use new digital tools to help all students achieve high academic standard. The quality of professional development of teacher education depends on the extent of ICT integration in teacher education programmed. According to UNESCO (2002) “ICT is a scientific, technological and engineering discipline and management technique used in handling information, its application and association with social, economic and cultural matters”.

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